Submerged arc furnace is also called electric arc furnace or resistance electric furnace. One end of the electrode is embedded in the material layer, forming an arc in the material layer and heating the material by its own resistance. It is often used for smelting alloys, smelting nickel matte, matte copper, and producing calcium carbide. It is mainly used for reducing smelting ores, carbonaceous reducing agents and solvents and other raw materials. It mainly produces ferroalloys such as ferrosilicon, ferromanganese, ferrochrome, ferrotungsten and silicon-manganese alloy, which are important industrial raw materials in the metallurgical industry and chemical raw materials such as calcium carbide. Its working feature is to use carbon or magnesia refractory materials as the furnace lining, and use self-cultivating graphite electrodes. The electrode is inserted into the charge for submerged arc operation, using the energy and current of the arc to smelt metal through the energy generated by the charge and resistance of the charge, feeding successively, intermittently tapping iron slag, and continuously operating an industrial electric furnace. At the same time, calcium carbide furnaces and yellow phosphorus furnaces can also be attributed to submerged arc furnaces due to the same use conditions.